1001 Cathedral Road, PO Box 757 This emblem was once one of the most popular images in Pennsylvania Dutch folk art, and featured prominently on the barns of Montgomery, Lehigh, and Bucks counties.57 An ancient symbol associated with good luck, the swastika comes from the Sanskrit word for “bringer of good fortune,” and was used widely across the world by many cultures throughout the millennia. Vollständige Erklärung des Calenders, mit einem faßlichen Unterricht über die himmelskörper. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Milton Hill’s business card. Pennsylvania Dutch is spoken by over 400,000 people in North America today, and it is considered one of the fastest growing small minority languages in the United States, with the core of its speakers in the plain communities of the Old Order Amish and Mennonites.8. This “Hill Star,” as it would later be known, was unlike anything else in the landscape up until that time, combining a repeating eight-pointed star pattern with an elaborate border of concentric circles and interlacing arcs of color gradients. Just as the Pennsylvania Dutch proceed from a wide variety of European roots to form a distinctly American culture, currents of artistic expressions from many regions poured into Pennsylvania to create new artistic traditions in America. Bottom: Paired house blessings painted on wooden plaques on the 1819 farmhouse of Johannes and Anna Maria Bolman, and their son Jorg Bolman, Millcreek Township, Lebanon County. And every beating pulse we tell, Figure 21: A six-pointed rosette on the carved keystone above the door of the 1767 New Hanover Lutheran Church, serving the oldest continuous German Lutheran congregation in America, located in New Hanover Township, Montgomery County. These are combined in ways that suggest certain floral species, and were once occasionally called Lillye (lilies) or Dullebaane (tulips).12. He supplements his primary daytime occupation with painting as side-work. A fresh coat of exterior house paint can totally transform the look of your home in less time and for less money than many other remodeling projects. Gift of Esther (Hill) Derr, Pennsylvania German Cultural Heritage Center, Kutztown University. 1899. The reference to time, therefore, is an important element in the interpretation of celestial symbolism. Forever by Dutch Boy Applies to Menards® Sku: 5548323 View Document Forever by Dutch Boy Applies to Menards® Sku: 5548324 View Document American Legend Applies to Menards® Sku: 1486877 View Document Forever by Dutch Boy Celestial motifs were present at an overwhelming majority of life’s transitions in early Pennsylvania, whether they are found on a decorated cradle at the beginning of life; on a hand-illuminated certificate for the baptism of a child; on a decorated blanket chest given to a young bride at her wedding; on an inscribed blessing stone of a new home; on the façade of a well-maintained barn; or on the headstones of the faithful departed. In a similar manner to European blessing inscriptions, early examples of painted architectural medallions emblazoned with stars appear on early architecture along corridors of early settlement, stretching from Northern Montgomery County clear to the Blue Mountain ridge bordering Berks County to the north. To walk this dangerous road; Drawing upon architectural traditions of Europe, eighteenth-century German and English-speaking immigrants from Central Europe and the British Isles had built a variety of barns in the fertile valleys of Pennsylvania before settling upon a New World form that revolutionized farming in early America.21 Standing separate from the home, the Pennsylvania barn was a two-level hybrid engineered for diversified farming operations. Although it is uncertain if Mercer himself was the source of Nutting’s accounts, both of these men were part of the upper echelon of avocational collectors of early Americana, and were well aware of one another’s work.92. Dutch retains the two main types of verb inherited from Proto-Germanic: weak and strong. He has painted stars on more than seventy-five barns in Berks, Lehigh, Schuylkill, Northampton, Montgomery, Bucks, and Dauphin counties, and the numbers are steadily increasing. Like its peers throughout Lehigh, Northampton, and Montgomery, it was painted on a medallion composed of two wide boards and set into a circular recess in the original masonry. 91 “Hexefuss” in Henry Chapman Mercer Collection, Archaeological Research Notes. 3 This survey culminated in the second volume of the Annual Publication Series of the Pennsylvania German Cultural Heritage Center, Kutztown University. Likewise, the number twelve is not only the number of the establishment of earthly spiritual authority and organization through the Apostles, it is also the number of the signs of the zodiac, the twelve-fold division of the solar year. Figure 47: The use of three painted crosses above the windows and doorways of barns finds its origins in house and barn blessing traditions of Europe, where the three crosses refer to the Three Kings, or Magi, who followed a star to the biblical nativity. In 1951 the Festival took busloads of visitors through the countryside to see the work of Hill and other artists.80. These two identifying features—the forebay and the bank ramp—served to set the Pennsylvania barn apart from other types of barns in early America. Many myths about decorated barns originated during this time, and have been perpetuated into the present day. 1951. “Three Worlds Came to the Second Annual Pennsylvania Dutch Folk Festival.” The Pennsylvania Dutchman, III(6): 1. A lover of the stars, artist Milton J. Hill began his career painting barn stars at the age of 14 under the mentorship of his father, John M. Hill, who paid him the generous going-rate of ten cents per hour, and asked him only to furnish his own paint.78 This of course required Milton to learn the art of mixing his own colors from linseed oil and commercial pigments, rather than the loathsome ready-mixed “patent” paints that performed unpredictably even in the best of circumstances. We are traveling to the grave. Eric is interested in exploring all the possibilities of potential meanings in the designs, and remains open-minded about the history and cultural implications of the traditional patterns. Left: A butter mold with a whirling swastika pattern. These stars were likely painted in the early twentieth century, but show patterns of highly pronounced relief, produced by the sun’s weathering of the wooden barn siding. The breath that first it gave, The required minimum monthly payments may or may not pay off the promo purchase by the end of the promo period. It was in the mid-nineteenth century that these painted arrangements became somewhat standardized in particular regions by certain artists supervising painting crews. Instead, the relief is produced unintentionally by a natural process called differential solar weathering. 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