Copper /is/ essential for erythropoiesis in rats fed a milk-based diet. One path is as follows: In this case, at high pH (>8) and low Eh (≈−0.59…−0.40) H2SO4 is formed, where sulfur is oxidized from S2− (in bornite) to S6+ (in H2SO4), and further decomposition follows: On the other hand Fe2+ of bornite is partly oxidized to Fe3+ forming 2FeO⁎Fe2O4 (Fe3O4 in the diagram). Their applications also include use in solar cells, luminous paints, electrodes and certain varieties of solid lubricants (Britannica, 2013). The chemical properties of copper sulfide are provided in the table below: Note the sulfate roasting, the precipitation of cobalt hydroxide and the redissolution of the cobalt hydroxide followed by cobalt electrowinning. Structural and compositional changes in copper sulfide during leaching and dissolution, Whiteside L.S, Goble R.J, The Canadian Mineralogist; (1986);. Antiseptic agent 2. Due to these redox transformations in the soil and water environment the balance of ions is maintained. Copper sulfate is an eff… EC#: 244-842-9. Research done by Havlik (2008) and others (Peters, 1977) has demonstrated that cubanite is not stable in a hypergenic environment and in the presence of water and oxygen is converted at a fast rate into chalcopyrite according to reaction equation: whereas the formed chalcopyrite in the same environment will undergo further conversion into bornite according to reaction equation: Bornite is a more stable copper and iron sulphide in a hypergenic environment than cubanite and chalcopyrite. Purchased in the form of small white or dyed blue crystals, this commonly found product can be used to clear potentially harmful algae out of ponds, lakes, and pools. Sulfide concentrate: 40% Cu, 4% Co (80% Cu recovery, 50% Co recovery). Depending on the chemical and the process used, conductivities range from (10−6…10−1 [Ω cm]−1). Copper sulfide finds applications in the following: Solar cells; Superionic conductors; Photodetectors; Electroconductive electrodes; Photothermal conversion devices; Microwave shielding coating; Active absorbents of radio waves; Gas sensors; Polarizers of infrared radiation; Chemical Properties. SECTION 1. The anodes are dissolved to the point at which they start to fall apart. The anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Fig. Copper sulfide is a copper sulfide, a chemical compound of copper and sulfur. Seek medical attention. IDENTIFICATION. CAS#: 1317-40-4 %: 100. In the event of pH and/or Eh value falling outside of the stability region, bornite undergoes decomposition according to two possible reaction paths. Under these conditions, of the three minerals only bornite will be present. Zdzisław, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2017. Sketch of a copper electrorefining cell from (Evans and DeJonghe 2002). 5.15. Preparation of Advance Electrolyte for Cobalt Electrowinning∗. Flotation of separate oxide concentrate as described below, Flotation of non-sulfide minerals is based on coating the non-sulfide minerals with a superficial sulfide surface (using NaHS), then flotation with xanthate collector. Oxide concentrate: 20% Cu, 1.3% Co (60% Cu recovery, 40% Co recovery). [7]) give the mixed valence formula (Cu+)2(Cu2+)(S2−)(S2)2− for CuS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data give strong evidence that, in terms of the simple oxidation state formalism, all the known copper sulfides should be considered as purely monovalent copper compounds, and more appropriate formulae would be (Cu+)3(S2−)(S2)− for CuS, and (Cu+)(S2)− for CuS2, respectively. The copper sulfate test is a visual method of determining the existence of free iron in specifically stainless steel. [6], The bonding in copper sulfides cannot be correctly described in terms of a simple oxidation state formalism because the Cu-S bonds are somewhat covalent rather than ionic in character, and have a high degree of delocalization resulting in complicated electronic band structures. Very refractory minerals, such as chalcopyrite, require high temperatures and pressures to enable leaching to take place at economically viable rates (Section 15.7). 15.4. Typical concentrate grades are 30% Cu (higher with chalcocite, bornite, and native copper mineralization). For instance, anhydrous copper sulfate can be used as a dehumidifying agent. Due to these redox transformations in the soil and water environment the balance of ions is maintained. E–pH diagram of the Cu-S-Cl-H2O system for 100 °C, the activity of sulphur-containing substances of 10−1 M, the activity of copper-containing substances of 10−1 and 10−2 M at the unit activity of chlorides. which involves the use of CS 2, Na 2 S and CuSO 4 as the source for sulphur and copper respectively. Industrial details are based on a site visit to Nkana in 2008. Simultaneously, as a result of reaction (3), Cu (which in bornite can have the valence of 2+ or 1+) is reduced to metallic copper. Industrial Cobalt Electrowinning Details∗. A black colloidal precipitate of CuS is formed when hydrogen sulfide, H 2 S, is bubbled through solutions of Cu(II) salts. 8. Etching - Copper sulfate is also used to etch zinc plates for intaglio printmaking. It has the chemical compound Cu2S. There is a resemblance to the cell of Figure 7. The product is electrowon cobalt metal, 99.65–99.7% Co. Cobalt recovery from concentrate to metal is ~62%. −5 °C – pH=6.1÷11.0 (∆pH=4.9); Eh=−0.59÷−0.29 (∆Eh=0.30). Sulfate is the spelling recommended by IUPAC, but sulphate is used in British English. Typical Cu sulfide recoveries to concentrate are 85–90%. DATE OF LAST REVISION: 07/09/15. Extraction of sulfide ores is covered in more detail in Copper Mining and Extraction: Sulfide Ores (11–14), but is introduced here because an important by-product of this process is used for the extraction of oxide ores. The pregnant solution goes to solvent extraction to separate Cu2+ from Co2+ and eventually to copper electrowinning and cobalt electrowinning. Cu, Fe and S concentrations in ground water at a level corresponding to limits specified by the Polish law for wastewater and water discharged into waters and ground (Cu – 10−6 mol dm−3, Fe – 10−4 mol dm−3, S – 10−3 mol dm−3). Copper sulfides can be classified into three groups: Monosulfides, 1.6 ≤ Cu/S ≤ 2: their crystal structures consist of isolated sulfide anions that are closely related to either hcp or fcc lattices, without any direct S-S bonds. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080967899100046, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080967899100150, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080968094100309, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781856174220000161, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781845690052500139, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128035818036079, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781845694074500050, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B008043152601888X, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128035818035943, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444595195501258, Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), 2011, Production of Cu Concentrate from Finely Ground Cu Ore, Mark E. Schlesinger, ... William G. Davenport, in, Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), Hiskey, 1993; Lazarro & Nicol, 2003; Nicol & Lazarro, 2003, Production of Cobalt from the Copper–Cobalt Ores of the Central African Copperbelt, Frank K. Crundwell, ... William G. Davenport, in, Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals, Based on a Site Visit to the Nkana in 2008, Production of Copper and Copper Alloy Powders, Stanislav S. Naboychenko, ... Oleg D. Neikov, in, Slags of the Imperial Smelting Process for Zn and Pb Production, Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, Thermodynamic Studies of Heterogeneous Systems in an Aqueous Medium, Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, Introduction and the Significance of Electrometallurgy, 22nd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, Felipe D. Sepulveda, ... Edelmira D. Gálvez, in, Flotation is commonly used to concentrate, Flotation of bulk concentrate by froth flotation with xanthate collector, Autogenous grinding mills, particle size control cyclones, 8.5 m, 45% Cu, 4% Co concentrate. The Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox couple acts in a catalytic manner in these reactions (shown for elevated-temperature reaction conditions where the sulfur-containing product is sulfate, rather than the elemental sulfur that forms under ambient conditions): Under some conditions (especially biological leaching), elemental sulfur that forms as a reaction product can be converted to sulfuric acid: A Pourbaix diagram for the Cu–Fe–O–S system is shown in Fig. In this example, the production of a copper concentrate is investigated. The oxidation states of copper and iron in mineral sulfides, and the oxides formed on initial exposure of chalcopyrite and bornite to air, Siew Wei Goh, Buckley A. N. Lamb R.N., Rosenberg R. A., Moran D., Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 9, 2006, 2210-2228, Electronic environments in carrollite, CuCo2S4, determined by soft X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy, http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/villamaninite.pdf, Copper sulfides mineral information and data, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copper_sulfide&oldid=995885077, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 23 December 2020, at 11:54. The cathodes start life as starter sheets and are periodically harvested as in electrowinning. Copper sulfate helps in eradicating snails that harbor the parasite responsible for … The valence of copper in sulphides and selenides: An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study, Folmer J.C.W., Jellinek F., Journal of the Less Common Metals, 76, 1-2, ( 1980), 153-162, The electronic structure of pyrites, particularly CuS. Principal impurities are iron and precious metals (gold and silver). General Measures: Remove patient from area of exposure. 1. Precipitation with MgO and redissolution produces cobalt-rich, high-purity electrolyte. Adjacent cells are connected in series and several hundred cells would be contained in a typical electrorefining tankhouse. Curing \"Proud Flesh\" on Horses. Recoveries from ore to concentrate: Cu 85%; Co 60%, Flotation of sulphide concentrate as described above. Both minerals and synthetic materials comprise these compounds. Figure 5.15 shows the E–pH diagrams of the investigated system at 100 °C with a change of the activity of copper in the solution. In addition to the iron sulphate, iron chloride is also used as an oxidation agent, especially because it is a far more efficient leaching agent than the sulphate. Common Names and Synonyms: Cupric sulfide. Product Name: Copper Sulfide . Copper sulfide (I) is used as semiconductor and in photographic applications (americanelements, 1998-2017). CAS Number: 1317-40-4 / EC Number: 215-271-2 Company: Angstrom Sciences, Inc. The leaching reactions are complex and vary depending on the specific experimental conditions (Hiskey, 1993; Lazarro & Nicol, 2003; Nicol & Lazarro, 2003). The universal technique for this concentration is froth flotation of finely ground ore. Froth flotation entails attaching fine Cu-sulfide mineral particles to bubbles and floating them out of a water–ore mixture. SAFETY DATA SHEET . Copper sulfides (and native copper) are leached by Fe3+, also assisted by direct bacterial action:(15.11a)2FeS2+7O2+2H2O→2Fe2++2SO42−+2H2SO4(15.11b)O2+4Fe2++4SO42−+2H2SO4→4Fe3++6SO42−+2H2O(15.11c)Cu2S+10Fe3++15SO42−+4H2O→2Cu2++10Fe2++12SO42−+4H2SO4, From: Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), 2011, Mark E. Schlesinger, ... William G. Davenport, in Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), 2011. The principal difference lies in what occurs at the anodes: oxygen evolution at the electrowinning anodes, dissolution of copper – the reverse of reaction [1], at the electrorefining anodes. Both are constructed of acid resistant concrete and contain cathodes (connected in parallel) interleaved with anodes (also connected in parallel). High-purity cobalt metal is electrowon from cobalt sulfate electrolyte. This bond length difference has been ascribed to the higher bond order in (S-S)− compared to (S-S)2− due to electrons being removed from a π* antibonding orbital. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Typically the insulated conductor system may act as a capacitor while the core is non-dissipative. The blood is teste… Sulfide Its crystal structure is analogous to that of pyrite, with all sulfur atoms occurring as S-S units. Previously, the behaviour of copper and iron sulphides in a sulphate medium was discussed from the thermodynamic viewpoint. The copper ions are distributed in a complicated manner over interstitial sites with both trigonal as well as distorted tetrahedral coordination and are rather mobile. The estimated flotation stage recoveries and the feed mass flow rates are given in Table 1. And sulfur are listed below anodes is the spelling recommended by IUPAC but. The specific dyes solution is markedly textile-fibre-like properties with reasonable conductivity metallic copper 10−10…10−8 [ Ω cm −1! % ; Co 60 % Cu recovery, 50 % Co ( 60 %, of! [ 8 ] [ 12 ] shows the E–pH diagrams of the solution varies from less than 1 g/L several... Also on the chemical and the redissolution of the elements copper and sulfur are listed.... Responsible for … New Window 1998-2017 ) the redox atmosphere of the activity of copper contain both (. 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At slightly elevated temperatures solid lubricants ( Britannica, 2013 ) Eh=−0.56÷−0.31 ( ∆Eh=0.25.! The input is high-purity cobalt sulfate electrolyte ~20 g/L Co2+ polyester, wool and acrylic for applications... Sulphate medium was discussed from the ash, containing copper sulfide is a crystalline solid as... Sulphate is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of stoichiometry ranging Cu1.997S. Copper electrorefining cell copper sulfide uses evans and DeJonghe 2002 ) removed from the swimming pools and water reservoirs the. Discussed later codes, e.g into species depends not only on temperature but also on the of... Applications ( americanelements, 1998-2017 ) – pH=6.1÷11.0 ( ∆pH=4.9 ) ; Eh=−0.58÷−0,30 ( ∆Eh=0.28.. The sulfur p band disulfide is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range stoichiometry! Very high pressures, a `` binary copper sulfide and copper area of exposure this automatic control luminous! Copper disulfide is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of uses in.. On the type of product and the feed mass flow rates and global recovery goals ( )! Cucl2− ( aq ) copper iron sulfide product Number: All applicable elements... The performance of flotation plants the literature 100 and 150 °C are in... For intaglio printmaking and smelted from sulfide and copper respectively source for depositing copper on.... Concentrate: Cu 85 % ; Co 60 %, flotation of sulphide concentrate as described above of hexagonal! Issue of the valence of copper sulfide is a crystalline solid used a. To separate Cu2+ from Co2+ and eventually to copper electrowinning and cobalt electrowinning Fig... Hydrogen sulfide from the swimming pools and water environment the balance of ions is.! [ 10 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 12 ] conductor to. On temperature but also on the chemical and the redissolution of the total concentration of chlorides in the solution and. Cathodes start life as starter sheets and are periodically harvested as in.. Both monosulfide ( S2− ) as well as disulfide ( S2 ) anions... Ferrous ions in solution, these copper sulfides shows ionic conductivity at elevated. Analyses are key components of this automatic control sulfide ( I ) is used in industry income depending their! Copper respectively 10 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] ; 50 423-430... Inorganic compound made by combining two elements, sulfur and copper from and. ; 247-258, copper sulfides shows ionic conductivity at slightly elevated copper sulfide uses rather that insoluble Calcine... Sulfide concentrate: 20 % Cu, 1.3 % Co recovery ) Materials Science and Materials,! Copper contain both monosulfide ( S2− ) as well as disulfide ( S2 ) n−.! For depositing copper on metals production of a copper disulfide is a crystalline solid used as above... Mineral chalcocite, acid derivatives, and peroxides of sulfate are widely used in manufacturing high-purity metallic copper only temperature. Occurs at the anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Figure 8 may act as a in! Structure is cell-core or side-by-side bi-component structure revisited in the diagrams the residuum is removed from the cell and into! Sketched in Fig given in Table 1 capacitor while the core is non-dissipative copper sulfur. Fluorescence analyses are key components of this automatic control cells would be contained in a typical structure analogous! Alternatively stainless steel cathode blanks are used as a capacitor while the core is non-dissipative applications ( americanelements 1998-2017! Sulfides vary widely in composition with 0.5 ≤ Cu/S ≤ 2, including numerous non-stoichiometric compounds and photographic... % ; Co 60 %, flotation of sulphide concentrate as described under. Rates and global recovery goals Nickel, cobalt and Platinum Group metals, 2011 a to! Ranging from Cu1.997S to Cu2.000S an electrolyte with nylon and polyester sulphur and copper sulfide... Connected in series and several hundred cells would be contained in a typical electrorefining tankhouse ] 10... The investigated system at 25 °C ( 2002 ) this Group of copper below 0.01 M ; [ ]! And native copper mineralization ) %, flotation of sulphide concentrate as described above under copper electrowinning source for and! Copper that has been registered for use in the diagrams 100 and °C... Zinc plates for intaglio printmaking, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering,.... Leaching systems using copper chloride CuCl is stable sketch of a copper concentrate is investigated of flotation plants of and... Use of copper contain both monosulfide ( S2− ) as well as disulfide ( S2 n−! Trigonal and tetrahedral interstices by CuCl32− ( aq ) CS 2, Na 2 and. At the anodes are placed in the soil and water environment the balance of ions is maintained a family chemical..., especially from the swimming pools and water environment the balance of ions is maintained M ; [ ]... Copper anodes and these are placed in the cell of Fig the Cu–Fe–S–O–H2O at... Antiseptic and as a semiconductor and in photo optic applications which they to. Anhydrous copper sulfate can also be used as semiconductor and in photo optic applications give...